Audit of the accuracy of ultrasound in the localisation of undescended testes in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22024/UniKent/03/ajpp.1368Samenvatting
Background: There has long been debate surrounding the application of ultrasound (US) in the evaluation of undescended testes (UDT), with the current consensus showing that it doesn’t have an application in the routine evaluation of the condition. More recent papers have shown that US does have some utility in this area. It is accepted that diagnostic laparoscopy is the gold standard investigation for non-palpable UDT, however, more recent studies have shown Ultrasound scans are becoming more accurate. This project looked at the ability of ultrasound to correctly locate UDT in children at a UK district general hospital when compared to surgical findings.
Methods: The electronic notes of 12 children who were evaluated with ultrasound and surgical correction for cryptorchidism between November 2021- December 2023 were reviewed. The location of testes were noted on clinical examination and ultrasound which were compared to the surgical findings. The sensitivity and specificity of US were then calculated, as well as the positive predictive values.
Results: A total of 9 boys with 10 undescended testes underwent preoperative ultrasound scanning and surgical correction in this study. Eight of these were unilateral and 1 bilateral. None of the boys were found to have absent or intraabdominal testes. One testis was found to be scrotal on operative findings. All of the testes were palpable on examination under anaesthetic. The sensitivity of US was calculated at 100% (p=0.05), specificity at 90% for locating inguinal UDT.
Conclusions: Based on this study, ultrasound has a high sensitivity and specificity at locating inguinal undescended testes. More research with larger sample sizes should be undertaken in this area to fully assess the utility of modern ultrasonography in the evaluation of cryptorchidism.
##submission.downloads##
Gepubliceerd
Citeerhulp
Nummer
Sectie
Licentie
© The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
AJPP requests that, as the creator(s)/author(s) of the manuscript you are submitting, that you assign certain rights to the manuscript to the AJPP in exchange for undertaking to publish the article in electronic form and, in general, to pursue its dissemination throughout the world. The rights the AJPP requests are:
- The right to publish the article in electronic form or in any other form it may choose that is in keeping with its role as a scholarly journal with the goal of disseminating the work as widely as possible;
- The right to be the sole publisher of the article for a period of 12 months;
- The right to make the article available to the public within a period of not more than 24 months, as determined by relevant journal staff of the AJPP;
- The right to grant republication rights to itself or others in print, electronic, or any other form, with any revenues accrued to be shared equally between the author(s) and the journal;
- The right to administer permission to use portions of the article as requested by others, seeking recompense when the AJPP sees it as warranted;
- The right to seek or take advantage of opportunities to have the article included in a database aimed at increasing awareness of it;
- As the author(s), the AJPP wishes you to retain the right to republish the article, with acknowledgement of the AJPP as the original publisher, in whole or in part, in any other pbulication of your own, including any anthology that you might edit with up to three others;
- As the author(s), the AJPP wishes you to retain the right to place the article on your personal Web page or respository of your university or institution. The AJPP askes that you include this notice: A fully edited, peer-reviewed version of this article was first published by the Advanced Journal of Professional Practice, <Year>, <Volume>, <Issue>, <Page Numbers>.
- You retain the right to unrestricted use of your paper for yourself or for your own teaching purposes.
BY AGREEING TO THE FOREGOING, YOU CONFIRM THAT THE MANUSCRIPT YOU ARE SUBMITTING HAS NOT BEEN PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE IN WHOLE OR IN PART, AND THAT NO AGREEMENT TO PUBLISH IS OUTSTANDING.
SHOULD THE ARTICLE CONTAIN MATERIAL WHICH REQUIRES WRITTEN PERMISSION FOR INCLUSION, YOU AGREE THAT IT IS YOUR OBLIGATION IN LAW TO IDENTIFY SUCH MATERIAL TO THE EDITOR OF THE AJPP AND TO OBTAIN SUCH PERMISSION. THE AJPP WILL NOT PAY ANY PERMISSION FEES. SHOULD THE AJPP BE OF THE OPINION THAT SUCH PERMISSION IS NECESSARY, IT WILL REQUIRE YOU TO PURSUE SUCH PERMISSSION PRIOR TO PUBLICATION.
AS AUTHOR(S), YOU WARRANT THAT THE ARTICLE BEING SUBMITTED IS ORIGINAL TO YOU.
Provided the foregoing terms are satisfactory, and that you are in agreement with them, please indicate your acceptance by checking the appropriate box and proceed with your submission.
